Boko haram emerged around 2002 as a local islamic group. In may, president goodluck ebele jonathan suspended the constitution and declared a state of emergency in three states at the northeastern tip of nigeria. Fears of boko haram in cameroon jump to media player thomas fessy reports from cameroon on fears that the islamist militant group boko haram is infiltrating the country from neighbouring nigeria. Nigerias battle with boko haram council on foreign. Introduction for some, it may come as a surprise that, in 2014, boko haram was the deadliest terrorist organization in the world. Mar 31, 2016 outside nigeria, cameroon has been hardest hit by boko haram, which now operates out of bases in the mandara mountains, sambisa forest and lake chad areas straddling the borders between cameroon, nigeria, chad and niger.
What is sorely missing is a deradicalisation program, one that teaches a more tolerant islam and reintegrates into society those who were recruited by force and are willing to abandon the movement. Since then, boko haram has intensified its activities in the far north region of the country, making cameroon the second most targeted country, in terms of attacks, by the sect. In addition, while cameroon was at first a victim of spillover violence from nigeria and a transit state for arms trafficking, it has now become a rear base from which to attack nigeria and an arena for boko harams kidnap for ransom activities. Abstractterrorist activities impact on the rights of people as they undermine the ability of people to enjoy their right to life, liberty and fundamental freedoms. Boko haram have carried out many attacks against the military, police and civilians since 2009 mostly in nigeria, but also in cameroon, chad and niger. Four of nigerias neighbours benin, cameroon, chad and niger have agreed to. According to one cameroonian officer, the army has removed a number of individuals from minawao. Effects of boko haram activities in nigeria research cyber. It is active mostly in the northeastern parts of nigeria, chad, niger and the north of cameroon. Since 2009, the boko haram insurgency and the governments military response have killed tens of thousands of civilians and displaced millions across the lake chad region, which. The activities of boko haram first came to the attention of the media and the public in 2014, though the. The multinational joint task force against boko haram. Boko haramrelated violence has largely been confined to nigerias northeast, in adamawa, borno and yobe states. In cameroon, some set up barriers at the entrance to villages to impose levies and are sometimes suspected of facilitating the theft of stolen cattle.
In addition to the human cost, the activities of terrorists can destabilize governments, peace, security and economic activities. The emergence of boko haram is a symptom of the maturation of historical extremist and rejectionist impulses in the northeast and the failure of both governmental and customary conflict mitigation institutions. With increased intensity of bombings in t he north, there was strategic mass movement of. The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security. Therefore, this study aims to examine the threat of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security system. Summaries of boko haram activities are provided using available. Abimbola and adesote 2012, in domestic terrorism and boko haram insurgency in nigeria issues and trends. This study proposes to retrace boko haram atrocities in cameroon as well as the history of international cooperation against the islamist sect since the declaration of the war against it. Boko haram could have a disastrous impact on nigerias economy. Boko haram in order to understand how the boko haram insurgency threatens security, it is pertinent to provide a background of its evolution. Recent attacks suspectively conducted by boko haram in the north of nigeria and along its border with cameroon and chad are already inflicting damage to local. Nigeria, niger, cameroon, chad and benin with the intention to combat boko haram violent extremism in the affected countries. Boko haram is an islamist militant group based in northern nigeria and the lake chad region. In conclusion, one can see how the threat and worst boko haram is on nigerian national development.
Using boko haram activities in the lake chad region, i question the conventional arguments linking religion to the root cause of terrorism. Boko harams regional crossborder activities combating. In recommendation, government supposed to formulate a policy towards the solution. The shaded area illustrates boko harams general area of operations in 20152016.
Mozogo, cameroon 1 failed attack a perpetrator tried to attack a rice distribution centre but was killed. The region is renowned for its waza national park, which has long been a highlight for tourists travelling to cameroon. Jun 09, 2014 view cnn s fast facts on boko haram and learn more about the militant islamic group based in nigeria, whose purpose is to institute sharia, or islamic law. Two boko haram suicide bombers attacked a muslim funeral gathering in northern cameroon 10 km 6 miles east of the nigerian border. The impact of boko haram threat on economic activities in.
Boko haram activities in the northeast of nigeria have created a. Attack on soldiers on the boma peninsula on sunday lasted at least seven hours and reinforcements were. The groups objective was to establish an islamic state and institutionalize sharia law in nigeria, particularly the northeast region. In 2019, the conflict in northeastern nigeria entered its eleventh year. Pdf an economic analysis of boko harams activities in the chad. To consolidate gains and bring lasting peace to the far north, the government must now shift to longterm socioeconomic development, countering religious radicalism and reinforcing public services. It is about boko haram, whose activities span the geographical space of central and west africa emanating from nigeria. Boko haram is a violent sunni jihadist group founded by cleric mohammed yusuf, who was previously a leader within a salafist group in the 1990s, and was inspired by 14th century fundamentalist scholar ibn taymiyyah. Despite this, and although others may have done so since, the cameroonian government lacks a clear policy on how to deal with the militants, according to an international crisis group report. Since 2009, boko haram has transformed itself from a.
Boko haram and its economic consequences fair observer. War on boko haram grips cameroon in fear cameroon news. It is the first known boko haram strike in cameroon at a funeral gathering, although the militants have made an attack on a baptism in the past. In 2009, it was assumed that boko haram was a spent force having suffered critical losses in its leadership.
In the tracks of boko haram in cameroon crisis group. Boko haram activities in northeastern nigeria and northern cameroon. Nation listing entry describes boko haram as an affiliate of alqaeda and also one of the organisations of alqaeda in the islamic maghreb aqim reuters, 2014. Boko haram kidnapped the wife of cameroon deputy prime minister, amadou ali, in an attack on the town of kolofata in northern cameroon.
Introduction boko haram, a movement claiming to act in the name of is lam, has killed tens of thousands of people in nigeria and the neighboring countries of niger, chad, and cameroon. The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national. Nigeriaorigin radical islamist group boko haram extended armed attacks into northern cameroon in 2014 but was substantially beaten back by joint. A hisorical discourse, sees boko haram insurgency as the latest. Since 2009, boko haram has transformed itself from a cultlike religious. Timeline of the boko haram insurgency is the chronology of the boko haram insurgency, an ongoing armed conflict between nigerian islamist group boko haram including their offshoot ansaru and the nigerian government. Boko haram, which once preferred to profit from kidnapping foreigners like a french family in.
A week earlier two bombers had killed at least 14 in kano city. It specifically focuses on the consequences of boko haram on cameroon. Beyond nigeria, the group is most active in northern cameroon, chad, and niger. History of boko haram in nigeria and their activities legit. The army claims it has dismantled most boko haram cells in cameroon, killed about 2,000 members in fighting and arrested more than 1,000 suspects since 2014.
However, boko haram not only reemerged as a threat to nigeria, but its activities also placed it on the radar of international terrorism watchers with a series of daring and successful attacks. It is the microcosm of a larger project which seeks to evaluate the impact of boko haram conflict around the lake chad region. Today, boko haram is ostensibly weaker and is not able to conduct largescale attacks any more. In this article, we examine the effects of boko haram in nigeria. On august 1011, an attack on a mosque in the state of maiduguri left 56 people dead boko haram is largely believed to have. Boko haram terrorist group, from being a movement confined to northeastern nigeria has emerged as the most visible threat to peace and development in nigeria. On august 1011, an attack on a mosque in the state of maiduguri left 56 people dead boko haram is largely believed to have been responsible. Cameroon s military campaign against the boko haram insurgency started late but has met with partial success. Therefore, this study explores the impact of threat of attacks from boko haram on economic activities exploring current realities in yaounde, the capital of cameroon. Boko haram has seized control of a swathe of northeast nigeria and killed thousands in a sixyear insurgency. The spillover of the terrorist activities of boko haram, a nigerian jihadi group, into cameroons north has resulted in security challenges and humanitarian activity opportunities for christian churches.
Sep 25, 20 boko haram could have a disastrous impact on nigerias economy. Request pdf the impact of boko haram threat on economic activities in cameroon. Christian churches and the boko haram insurgency in. Boko harams sixyearold insurgency has pitted neighbour against neighbour, and cost more than 00 lives.
Boko haram claimed responsibility for a suicide attack on a procession of shiite muslims killing at least 21, on 30 november 2015 near the village of dakozoye. Since then, boko haram has intensified its activities in the far north region of the. War on boko haram grips cameroon in fear cameroon news al. Boko haram in nigeria the latest news from al jazeera. Akaoua babiana, along with 27 others who had been kidnapped by boko haram on other occasions, were freed in october 2014 3 killed, unknown wounded.
Boko haram has been linked to the deaths of more than thirtyseven thousand people since 2011, according to cfrs. Boko haram was reported to have killed 380 people between april and september 2017 in the lake chad area. The group became active in 2002 under the boko haram leadership of mohammed yusuf. Six civilians were killed and another thirty were wounded. The evolution and impact of boko haram in the lake chad basin. Frequently asked questions congressional research service 2 figure 1.
It does not indicate territorial control by the group. Boko harams deadly impact council on foreign relations. I argue that there is an economic dimension of boko haram terrorism, which is based on two interrelated indicators. Bernard nsaidzedze sakah is a cameroonian who holds msc in governance and regional integration from pan african university and bsc in. How boko haram specifically targets displaced people reliefweb. Vigilante groups fighting boko haram, 23 february 2017.
Introduction in cameroons far north, boko haram is weakened but not yet defeated. Christian churches and the boko haram insurgency in cameroon. Nigerias battle with boko haram council on foreign relations. Fighting boko haram in cameroon the wider image reuters. Boko haram thus impacts upon an already fragile context in cameroon, where it could have direct and indirect negative effects. In september 2017, boko haram militants kidnapped about 40 young adults, women and children and killed 18 in the town of banki, km southeast of maiduguri, borno state, on the border of nigeria and cameroon.
However the group members call themselves jamaah alahlu alsunnah li aldawah wa aljihad. The boko haram insurgency first appeared in maiduguri in borno state, northeast nigeria around 2002. Boko haram has become very notorious in recent years and its activities have also been reported in other neighbouring countries like cameroon. Therefore, this study explores the impact of threat of attacks from boko haram on.
Cameroons military campaign against the boko haram insurgency started late but has met with partial success. If boko harams activities persist, this economic symphony will b e altered significantly. Abdoulaye bathily, is deeply concerned about the impact of boko haram activities in some countries of the central african subregion, namely chad and cameroon, that are neighbors of nigeria, the base of the terrorist. Maroua has a big prison, and the vast majority of suspected boko haram members arrested in cameroon, almost 900 of them, are detained here. The word boko haram means western education is forbidden. Since 2009, the boko haram insurgency and the governments military response have killed tens of thousands of civilians and displaced millions across the lake chad region, which straddles cameroon, chad, niger, and nigeria. A new chapter in the fight against boko haram, international crisis group, report no. View cnn s fast facts on boko haram and learn more about the militant islamic group based in nigeria, whose purpose is to institute sharia, or islamic law. To improve the security response to the boko haram threat to the government of cameroon. This study proposes to retrace boko haram atrocities in cameroon as well as the history of international cooperation against the islamist sect since the declaration of the war against it in 2014. Boko haram insurgency, youth mobility and better life in the far. Furthermore, boko harams forays in cameroon have hurt one of far norths key economic activities.
A key question is what the consequences of the conflict with boko haram will be for the cohesion of cameroons heterogeneous society, which has for years tended to be more drifting apart than coming together. Fears of boko haram in cameroon jump to media player thomas fessy reports from cameroon on fears that the islamist militant group boko haram is. Emergence of boko haram, causes, impacts of boko haram 1. Boko haram also have some support in areas of borno that were more recently islamised, outside of the main kanuri lgasincluding among part of the babur population in biu, marghi in damboa, and in some villages of the gwoza hills the northeast extension of the mandara mountains that straddle northeast nigeria and the far north of cameroon. However, following the kidnapping in february 20 of a family of french expatriates near the park, visitors have. The boko haram conflict in cameroon why is peace so elusive. It has been most heavily concentrated in borno, with the brunt of the violence. However, boko haram not only reemerged as a threat to nigeria, but its activities also placed it on the radar of international terrorism watchers with a. In may 2014, cameroon declared war on boko haram at the paris summit. A common account of the groups origin traces it back to 2002, when mohammed yusuf, a charismatic preacher, became its leader. Dealing with boko haram defectors in the lake chad basin.